Non-electrical properties testing refers to the assessment and measurement of various characteristics of materials, products, or systems that do not involve electrical phenomena. It involves the use of specialized instruments and techniques to evaluate properties such as mechanical, physical, chemical, thermal, optical, and environmental attributes. Here are some common types of non-electrical properties testing:

1. Mechanical Testing: This involves evaluating the mechanical properties of materials, including tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, and flexibility. Instruments used for mechanical testing include universal testing machines, hardness testers, impact testers, and fatigue testing equipment.
2. Physical Testing: Physical testing assesses properties such as density, viscosity, specific gravity, moisture content, particle size distribution, surface roughness, and thermal conductivity. Instruments used for physical testing include density meters, viscometers, moisture analyzers, particle size analyzers, profilometers, and thermal conductivity testers.
3. Chemical Analysis: Chemical analysis involves determining the chemical composition and characteristics of substances, including elemental composition, impurities, pH, acidity, alkalinity, and chemical reactions. Instruments used for chemical analysis include spectroscopy instruments (such as atomic absorption spectrometers and infrared spectrometers), titration equipment, pH meters, and chromatography systems.
4. Thermal Analysis: Thermal analysis measures the response of materials to changes in temperature, including properties like melting point, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and heat flow. Instruments used for thermal analysis include differential scanning calorimeters, thermogravimetric analyzers, thermal conductivity meters, and thermal imaging cameras.
5. Optical Testing: Optical testing involves the measurement of light-related properties, such as color, transparency, refractive index, gloss, and light transmission. Instruments used for optical testing include colorimeters, spectrophotometers, refractometers, gloss meters, and light transmission meters.
6. Environmental Testing: Environmental testing assesses the performance and durability of materials and products under specific environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity, corrosion, vibration, and impact. Instruments used for environmental testing include environmental chambers, corrosion testing equipment, vibration testers, and impact testers.
7. Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): NDT techniques are used to evaluate the properties and integrity of materials or structures without causing damage. Examples of NDT methods include visual inspection, ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, magnetic particle testing, and liquid penetrant testing.

Non-electrical properties testing is crucial in industries such as manufacturing, construction, automotive, aerospace, healthcare, and research and development. It ensures the quality, performance, and safety of materials, products, and systems, helping to meet regulatory standards and customer requirements. The specific tests and instruments used depend on the nature of the properties being evaluated and the specific industry or application involved.